Subthreshold coexistence of strains: the impact of vaccination and mutation.

Subthreshold and superthreshold coexistence of pathogen variants: the impact of host age-structure.

It is well known that in the most general epidemic models with multiple pathogen variants a competitive exclusion principle is valid, such that the variant with the highest reproduction number eliminates the rest. Mechanisms such as super-infection, coinfection, and cross-immunity can lead to pathogen polymorphism where multiple strains coexist. It is also known that variability of infectivity ...

Coexistence of BCR-ABL1 Translocation and JAK2 V617F Mutation in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Under Long-term Treatment with Imatinib and Nilotinib: A Case Report

 This report describes an 89-year-old woman diagnosed with Philadelphia positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in 2007 who was initially treated with 200 mg/day imatinib. The patient demonstrated complete molecular response (CMR) in two tests in 2015 and 2018. During treatment between 2007 and 2019, despite increased dosage of imatinib and switching her therapy to nilotinib, complete hematological r...

Vaccination of calves and milking cows with different strains of Theileria annulata

Detection of Novel Mutation in LukS Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene in Twelve Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Sudanese Patients

Staphylococcus aureus carrying PVL gene remain major health problem associated with highly virulent infections. Characterization of such gene is important to know the impact and the functional significance of nucleotide variations. PCR and standard sequencing were performed for twelve Sudanese strains from different sources. Protein structures prediction, modeling and physiochemical analysis we...

Analysis of a vaccine model with cross-immunity: when can two competing infectious strains coexist?

We analyse here the vaccine model with cross-immunity proposed by Porco and Blower [1]. Porco and Blower [1] show that vaccination can shift the competitive balance in favour of a strain that, without vaccination, would be out-competed and that vaccination can also promote coexistence of different strains, something that normally is not expected [2]. Their results have been mainly obtained thro...